Plant Database
Holly Oak, Holm Oak
Quercus wislizenii
Quercus ilex, commonly known as Holly Oak or Holm Oak, is a majestic, evergreen tree prized for its dense, rounded crown, glossy, holly-like foliage, and exceptional adaptability to Mediterranean climates. Native to the Mediterranean region, this long-lived tree is highly variable in habit, often taking on a shrubby, multi-stemmed form in coastal exposures. Its dark green, leathery leaves are oval and highly variable, with some leaves having smooth margins and others bearing spiny, holly-like teeth, particularly on young growth. In spring, inconspicuous female flowers and pendulous male catkins produce acorns that are a vital food source for wildlife. Extremely drought-tolerant once established, salt-tolerant, and tolerant of poor soils, it is an outstanding choice as a specimen tree, shade tree, privacy screen, or hedge in water-wise and coastal landscapes.